[WorldUrbanLegend] Bloody Mary
Bloody Mary is a legend of a ghost, phantom, or spirit summoned to reveal the future. It is said that she appears in the mirror when her name is repeated. Bloody Mary's appearance can be benevolent or malevolent, depending on historical variations. She is typically witnessed through group participation.
In traditional rituals, young women would ascend a dark staircase holding candles and a hand mirror, looking into the mirror to see the face of their future husband. However, there was also a possibility of seeing a skull (or a figure of death), which could indicate death before marriage.
In contemporary rituals, Bloody Mary is said to appear by repeating her name in a dimly lit or candle-lit room. Her name must be mentioned 13 times (or another designated number). Bloody Mary may manifest as a corpse, witch, or ghost, depicted as friendly, evil, or demonic. Sometimes, she is described as covered in blood. According to legend, participants may experience her screaming, cursing, choking, stealing souls, drinking blood, or clawing at their eyes. In some variations of the ritual, she is called by different names such as "Hell Mary" or "Mary Worth." The Japanese modern legend of Hanako-san shares many similarities with the Bloody Mary legend.
Phenomenon Explanation: Looking into a dark mirror can induce hallucinations. Facial features may "melt," become distorted, disappear, or rotate, and hallucinations of animals or strange faces may appear. Giovanni Caputo from the University of Urbino describes this phenomenon as "strange face pareidolia," due to the brain's facial recognition system malfunctioning, referred to as "disembodied identity effect." Other possible explanations include Troxler's fading effect, apophenia, or self-hypnosis.
Identity: There is debate regarding Bloody Mary’s identity, including whether she is based on a real woman. Various historical figures have been suggested as "Mary" candidates, one of which is Mary I of England, daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, who earned the nickname "Bloody Mary" during her reign for burning about 300 Protestant dissenters. Another candidate is Elizabeth Báthory, a 17th-century Hungarian noblewoman who is legend to have tortured and killed around 660 girls and women, allegedly bathing in their blood. Mary Worth is known as a woman who killed slaves fleeing via the Underground Railroad or as a woman executed during the early modern witch trials.